All plants

Rhubarb

Rheum rhabarbarum

Polygonaceae · knotweed family

Matures
365–730 days
Harvest
Over a period · Perennial
Sun
6–8+ hrs
Spacing
36 in
Botanical engraving of Rhubarb

Planting window

When to sow, by microclimate — foggier blocks run a different calendar than sunnier ones.

JanFebMarAprMayJun
Foggy
Sunny
JulAugSepOctNovDec
Foggy
Sunny
Well-suitedMarginalNot suited

Sunlight

How well it does at each level of direct sun per day.

<2 hrsNot suited
2–4 hrsNot suited
4–6 hrsMarginal
6–8 hrsWell-suited
8+ hrsWell-suited
Well-suitedMarginalNot suited

Soil depth

Root room it needs — useful for sizing raised beds and containers.

6–10"Not suited
10–15"Not suited
15–18"Marginal
18–24"Well-suited
Well-suitedMarginalNot suited

Spacing

Room each plant needs — along the row and between rows — for sizing beds.

In-row
36 in
Between rows
48 in

Growth habit

The shape it makes in the bed and how tall it gets — what tells you whether to give it a trellis, a stake, or just room.

Habit
Upright
Mature height
2–4 ft

Stands on its own; the tallest types appreciate a stake in wind.

How to start it

Sow it where it grows, or raise it under cover and set it out — and how far ahead to start the seedlings if it's the latter.

Usually
Direct-sow
Direct-sowWell-suited
TransplantNot suited

Sown straight into the bed it will grow in.

Well-suitedMarginalNot suited

Getting started

How it goes in the ground — how deep to sow or set it, and the soil temperature it needs to wake up. The cold-soil floor is the real limiter for direct-sowing in a foggy SF spring.

Started from
From crowns
Ideal soil temp
40–75°F
Set depth
1 in

Sprouts between 40–75°F; happiest around 40–75°F.

30°F110°F
IdealWorkable

Pests & diseases

What tends to trouble this crop — what it is, what you'll see, and what to do about it, least-toxic first.

Rarely troubled by pests or diseases when kept healthy. The rhubarb curculio may pierce stalks; overly wet soil invites root rots. (Utah State Extension)

Sources

Every figure above is backed by these.

  • UC Master Gardeners, San Mateo–SF Countiesbacks plantingWindow, startMethod · Foggy & Sunny calendars, Rhubarb (root) rows: Foggy plants Jan & Dec; Sunny plants Jan-Mar. Dormant-crown planting, so the window is the cool winter months. Start method: Foggy & Sunny calendars, Rhubarb row: crowns planted in place.
  • Golden Gate Gardening (Pam Peirce)backs plantingWindow, lifecycle, harvestStyle · Peirce Foggier/Sunnier planting-times charts, Rhubarb row: Foggier Mar; Sunnier Feb-Apr. Used to extend the dormant window to 'maybe' at the Feb/Mar/Apr shoulders. Habit and harvest: perennial, over-a-period — from this source's entry for this crop.
  • UC Master Gardeners, Sonoma County (Planting Summary)backs daysToMaturity, inRowSpacing, rowSpacing · Vegetable Planting Summary, Rhubarb row: 36 in in-row spacing; 'Harvest after 1 year from roots' — the establishment period that sets days-to-first-harvest (~365 days, min). Between-row spacing 48 in (Rhubarb row).
  • Utah State University Extensionbacks daysToMaturity, inRowSpacing, plantingDepth, startMethod · USU rhubarb page: 'Space plants 3 feet apart' (36 in); 'Leaf stalks should not be harvested for 2 years after planting' — the upper bound on days-to-first-harvest (~730 days, max). Planting depth 1 in (crown): 'Plant so that the leaf bud is 1 inch beneath the soil.' Start method: USU Extension rhubarb: 'Plant so that the leaf bud is 1 inch beneath the soil' — a crown set straight into the bed, not a seedling raised under cover.
  • UC Master Gardeners, Marin Countybacks soilDepth · Planting & Spacing, Hydrozones: 'Deeply rooting plants include artichokes, asparagus, parsnips, rhubarb and tomatoes.'
  • University of Minnesota Extensionbacks sunlight · Growing rhubarb in home gardens: 'It should be in a spot that receives all-day sun' (full sun).
  • Wisconsin Horticulture (UW–Madison Extension)backs germination, growthHabit · UW Horticulture: dormant crowns; leaves emerge as soil exceeds 40°F (floor). Growth habit: 'This herbaceous perennial grows 2 to 4 feet tall' (height 24-48 in) as a clumping crown of basal leaves on upright leafstalks 'up to 18 inches long' that 'dies back to the ground each winter' — self-supporting vertical clump, so upright.
  • Ohio State University Extensionbacks germination · Ohio State: needs summer averages below 75°F for vigorous growth (upper).
  • USDA GRIN Taxonomybacks botany